The Scottish clan system

While researching your family history in Scotland, check whether you have connections to a Scottish clan. The clans were kinship groups central to the social, political and military structure of Scotland, which operated between the 12th and 18th centuries. Rooted in the Highlands, they were typically led by a chieftain or clan chief, who held lands and commanded loyalty from those who lived and worked there.

There were around 500 different clan groups, each named after their chief, and members would often take the same surname to show their devotion. Clans frequently engaged in alliances, feuds and battles with other clans, at this turbulent time in Scottish history. The clan system broke down after the Jacobite Risings of the 18th century. But today, clans are still an important part of Scotland’s heritage. Those with a clan surname, or strong family links, are considered members, and many come to Scotland to explore this important part of their culture.

View of Castle Sinclair Girnigoe from Sinclair`s Bay
Castle Sinclair Girnigoe was one of the earliest seats of Clan Sinclair. 

Finding your Scottish clan

If you or a family member have a Scottish surname, it may be linked to a particular clan. Enter the name into this clan and family search to find out. Most clans have their own tartan(s), motto and crest, which you can wear with pride as a member. Formal membership is not required, simply choose the clan you feel the deepest connection with.

The clans of Caithness

The following clans have ties with Caithness and the far north of Scotland. If you’re a member of one of these clans, we highly recommend a visit to our beautiful region, where you can walk in the footsteps of your ancestors and learn more about your Scottish roots.

The clans were embroiled in ferocious territorial disputes with each other for centuries. You can delve into the history by visiting key clan sites in the region, such as Castle Sinclair Girnigoe, Ackergill Tower, Dunbeath Castle, Castle of Mey and Keiss Castle. If you need some guidance, take a look at our local tour company, Robbie Mac Tours & Ancestry, which offers personalised ancestry tours of the area.

Ackergill Tower on the beach at Reiss near Wick in Caithness
Ackergill Tower is associated with several clans, including Keith, Sinclair, Oliphant and Campbell.

Where to stay in Caithness

While researching your clan history in our magnificent region, come and stay at the Ulbster Arms. Our welcoming Highland hotel offers comfortable accommodation near Thurso in Caithness, with breathtaking landscapes and historic landmarks on our doorstep.